Standard English and dialect: "we was" in talk, "we were" in writing, sentence 6

Standard English is the variety used in formal writing and formal speech; it is one dialect among many, and it is the one schools teach for writing.

Who acts: variety, schools · What happens: be, teach · To what, where: variety, formal writing, one dialect, one

This is a sentence of the lesson «Standard English and dialect: "we was" in talk, "we were" in writing» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (variety, schools), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Standard	Standard	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 English	compound
2	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 variety	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 used	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 variety	det
5	variety	variety	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 variety	acl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 writing	case
8	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 writing	amod
9	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 used	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 speech	cc
11	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 speech	amod
12	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 writing	conj
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 variety	punct
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 dialect	nsubj
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 dialect	cop
16	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	17 dialect	nummod
17	dialect	dialect	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 variety	parataxis
18	among	among	ADP	_	19 many	case
19	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 dialect	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 dialect	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 one	cc
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 one	nsubj
23	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 one	cop
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 one	det
25	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 dialect	conj
26	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 teach	nsubj
27	teach	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 one	acl:relcl
28	for	for	ADP	_	29 writing	case
29	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 teach	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 variety	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present		the variety not said here	formal writing and formal speech	use property	tree rules
2	is a	present	variety	one dialect and the one		among many	tree rules
3	is a	present	variety	the one			tree rules
4	teach speech: other	present	schools	the one not said here		for writing	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent one=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:038-standard-english-and-dialect-we-was-and-we-were.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/38-standard-english-and-dialect-we-was-and-we-were/6/