Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 18

Tall parts of letters (b, d, h) are ascenders; tails below the line (g, p, y) are descenders; the line letters sit on is the baseline.

Who acts: Tall parts, tails, line letters · What happens: be, sit on · To what, where: ascenders, descenders, baseline

This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tall parts, tails, line letters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 parts	amod
2	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 ascenders	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 letters	case
4	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 parts	nmod
5	(	(	PUNCT	_	6 b	punct
6	b	B	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 letters	appos
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 d	punct
8	d	D	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 b	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 h	punct
10	h	H	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 b	conj
11	)	)	PUNCT	_	6 b	punct
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 ascenders	cop
13	ascenders	ascender	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 tails	punct
15	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 descenders	nsubj
16	below	below	ADP	_	18 line	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 line	det
18	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 tails	nmod
19	(	(	PUNCT	_	20 g	punct
20	g	G	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 line	appos
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 p	punct
22	p	p	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 g	conj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 y	punct
24	y	y	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 g	conj
25	)	)	PUNCT	_	20 g	punct
26	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 descenders	cop
27	descenders	descender	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 ascenders	parataxis
28	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 ascenders	punct
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 letters	det
30	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 letters	compound
31	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 baseline	nsubj
32	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 letters	acl:relcl
33	on	on	ADP	_	32 sit	compound:prt
34	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 baseline	cop
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 baseline	det
36	baseline	baseline	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ascenders	parataxis
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 ascenders	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	Tall parts of letters	ascenders	tree rules
2	is a	present	tails below the line	descenders	tree rules
3	sit on	present	the line letters not said here		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a	present	the line letters	the baseline	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/18/