Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 19

Mixing up b and d is common up to about age seven and does not by itself mean dyslexia.

Who acts: Mixing · What happens: mix up, be, not mean · To what, where: b, dyslexia

This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mixing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mixing	mix	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 common	csubj
2	up	up	ADP	_	1 Mixing	compound:prt
3	b	b	NOUN	_	1 Mixing	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 common	cc
5	d	d	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 b	conj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 common	cop
7	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	up	up	ADP	_	11 age	case
9	to	to	ADP	_	8 up	fixed
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 age	advmod
11	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 common	obl
12	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 age	flat
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 mean	cc
14	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 mean	aux
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 mean	advmod
16	by	by	ADP	_	17 itself	case
17	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	18 mean	obl
18	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 common	conj
19	dyslexia	dyslexia	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 mean	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 common	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	mix up	gerund		b and d			vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent b=Patient
2	is	present	Mixing		up age	common property	tree rules
3	not mean	present · do-support	Mixing not said here	dyslexia		by d	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dyslexia=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:19.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/19/