Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 21

Left-handed writers tilt the paper to the right and sit on the left of a right-handed partner; forcing them to use the right hand, as was done in the past, caused harm.

Who acts: handed writers, writers · What happens: tilt, sit, force, use, do, cause · To what, where: paper, left, writers, right hand, past, harm

This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (handed writers, writers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 handed	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Left	punct
3	handed	hand	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 writers	amod
4	writers	writer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 tilt	nsubj
5	tilt	tilt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 paper	det
7	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tilt	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 right	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 right	det
10	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tilt	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 sit	cc
12	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tilt	conj
13	on	on	ADP	_	15 left	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 left	det
15	left	left	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sit	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	21 partner	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 partner	det
18	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 handed	amod
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	18 right	punct
20	handed	hand	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 partner	amod
21	partner	partner	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 left	nmod
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 forcing	punct
23	forcing	force	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 tilt	advcl
24	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 forcing	obj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 use	mark
26	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 forcing	xcomp
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 hand	det
28	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 hand	amod
29	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 use	obj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 done	punct
31	as	as	SCONJ	_	33 done	mark
32	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 done	aux:pass
33	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 use	advcl
34	in	in	ADP	_	36 past	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 past	det
36	past	past	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 done	obl
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 caused	punct
38	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 tilt	conj
39	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 caused	obj
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 tilt	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	tilt	present	handed writers	the paper		to the right	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location paper=Theme
2	sit	present	handed writers not said here		the left of a handed partner		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on left=Location
3	force	gerund	handed writers not said here	writers = writer			vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic
4	use	to-infinitive	writers = writer not said here	the right hand			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
5	do	past · passive	writers = writer not said here		the past		vn act-114-1 «NP V»
6	cause	past	handed writers not said here	harm			vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition harm=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:21.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/21/