Olympiad: real languages and codes, sentence 2

When words travel into another language they are reshaped to fit its sounds: Hawaiian has no r, s or t, and its syllables end in vowels, so "Merry Christmas" became "Mele Kalikimaka"; Japanese adds vowels too, so ice cream became "aisukurīmu".

Who acts: words, Hawaiian, syllables, Merry Christmas, Japanese, ice cream · What happens: travel, reshape, fit, have, end, become · To what, where: language, watu, sounds, r, vowels, Mele

This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: real languages and codes» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, Hawaiian, syllables, Merry Christmas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	SCONJ	_	3 travel	mark
2	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 travel	nsubj
3	travel	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 reshaped	advcl
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 language	case
5	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	6 language	det
6	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 travel	obl
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 reshaped	nsubj:pass
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 reshaped	aux:pass
9	reshaped	reshape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	to	to	PART	_	11 fit	mark
11	fit	fit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 reshaped	advcl
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 sounds	nmod:poss
13	sounds	sound	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fit	obj
14	:	:	PUNCT	_	16 has	punct
15	Hawaiian	Hawaiian	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 has	nsubj
16	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 reshaped	parataxis
17	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	18 r	det
18	r	r	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 has	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 s	punct
20	s	s	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 r	conj
21	or	or	CCONJ	_	22 t	cc
22	t	t	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 r	conj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 end	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 end	cc
25	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 syllables	nmod:poss
26	syllables	syllable	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 end	nsubj
27	end	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 has	conj
28	in	in	ADP	_	29 vowels	case
29	vowels	vowel	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 end	obl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 became	punct
31	so	so	ADV	_	36 became	advmod
32	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 Christmas	punct
33	Merry	Merry	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 Christmas	compound
34	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 became	nsubj
35	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 Christmas	punct
36	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 reshaped	conj
37	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 travel	punct
38	Mele	Mele	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 became	obl
39	Kalikimaka	Kalikimaka	PROPN	Number=Sing	38 Mele	flat
40	"	"	PUNCT	_	38 Mele	punct
41	;	;	PUNCT	_	43 adds	punct
42	Japanese	Japanese	PROPN	Number=Sing	43 adds	nsubj
43	adds	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 reshaped	conj
44	vowels	vowel	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 adds	obj
45	too	too	ADV	_	43 adds	advmod
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 became	punct
47	so	so	ADV	_	50 became	advmod
48	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 cream	compound
49	cream	cream	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 became	nsubj
50	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	43 adds	parataxis
51	"	"	PUNCT	_	52 aisukurīmu	punct
52	aisukurīmu	aisukurīmu	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 became	xcomp
53	"	"	PUNCT	_	52 aisukurīmu	punct
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 reshaped	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	travel	present	words		another language	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into language=Destination
2	reshape	present · passive		watu		tree rules
3	fit	to-infinitive		word's sounds		vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Patient
4	have	present	Hawaiian	no r and s or t		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent r=Patient
5	end	present	word's syllables		vowels	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
6	become	past	Merry Christmas	Mele		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
7	add speech: assert	present	Japanese	vowels		vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vowel=Patient
8	become	past	ice cream	aisukurīmu		vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:059-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/2/