Olympiad: real languages and codes, sentence 3
Codes are puzzles with a secret rule: shift every letter one step along the alphabet (IFMMP is HELLO), or swap letters for numbers (A = 1, B = 2 and so on).
Who acts: Codes · What happens: be, shift · To what, where: puzzles, letter, HELLO
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: real languages and codes» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Codes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Codes | code | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 puzzles | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 puzzles | cop |
| 3 | puzzles | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 rule | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 rule | det |
| 6 | secret | secret | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 rule | amod |
| 7 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 puzzles | nmod |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 shift | punct |
| 9 | shift | shift | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 puzzles | parataxis |
| 10 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 letter | det |
| 11 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 shift | obj |
| 12 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 letter | flat |
| 13 | step | step | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 shift | obj |
| 14 | along | along | ADP | _ | 16 alphabet | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 alphabet | det |
| 16 | alphabet | alphabet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 shift | obl |
| 17 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 18 IFMMP | punct |
| 18 | IFMMP | IFMMP | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 alphabet | appos |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 HELLO | cop |
| 20 | HELLO | hello | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 IFMMP | parataxis |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 HELLO | punct |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 letters | punct |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 25 letters | cc |
| 24 | swap | swap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 letters | compound |
| 25 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 shift | obl |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 numbers | case |
| 27 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 letters | nmod |
| 28 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 29 A | punct |
| 29 | A | A | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 numbers | conj |
| 30 | = | = | SYM | _ | 31 1 | case |
| 31 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 29 A | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 B | punct |
| 33 | B | B | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 numbers | nmod |
| 34 | = | = | ADV | _ | 35 2 | advmod |
| 35 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 33 B | flat |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 on | cc |
| 37 | so | so | ADV | _ | 38 on | advmod |
| 38 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 letters | nmod |
| 39 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 38 on | punct |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 puzzles | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Codes | puzzles | with a secret rule | tree rules | |||
| 2 | shift | infinitive | every letter | along the alphabet; swap letters for numbers B and A = 1 obl | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient NP.extent PP.initial_state PP.result»: agent=Causer letter=Patient step=Extent | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | HELLO | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:059-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/3/