Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e, sentence 19
A silent e stays before an ending that starts with a consonant: hope, hopeful; move, movement.
Who acts: silent e, ending · What happens: stay, start · To what, where: ending
This is a sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (silent e, ending), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 e | det |
| 2 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 e | amod |
| 3 | e | e | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stays | nsubj |
| 4 | stays | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | before | before | ADP | _ | 7 ending | case |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 ending | det |
| 7 | ending | ending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stays | obl |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 starts | nsubj |
| 9 | starts | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 ending | acl:relcl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 consonant | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 consonant | det |
| 12 | consonant | consonant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 starts | obl |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 hope | punct |
| 14 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 consonant | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 hopeful | punct |
| 16 | hopeful | hopeful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 hope | conj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 move | punct |
| 18 | move | move | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 consonant | appos |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 movement | punct |
| 20 | movement | movement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 move | conj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stays | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | present | a silent e | a ending | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before ending=Location | ||||
| 2 | start | present | a ending | with a consonant and hope | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with consonant=Subeventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/19/