Rumours and gossip, sentence 9
Messages change each time they are passed on, so second-hand stories are often wrong.
Who acts: Messages, hand stories · What happens: change, pass on, be · To what, where: people
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rumours and gossip» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Messages, hand stories), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Messages | message | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 change | nsubj |
| 2 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 change | obl:unmarked |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 passed | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 passed | aux:pass |
| 7 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 time | acl:relcl |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 passed | compound:prt |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 wrong | punct |
| 10 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 wrong | advmod |
| 11 | second | second | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 10 so | fixed |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 second | punct |
| 13 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stories | compound |
| 14 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 wrong | nsubj |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 wrong | cop |
| 16 | often | often | ADV | _ | 17 wrong | advmod |
| 17 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 change | conj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 change | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | present | Messages | time | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | pass on | present · passive | people | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | present | hand stories | often, wrong property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:202-rumours-and-gossip.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/202-rumours-and-gossip/9/