Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things, sentence 19
Using a classmate's things while they are away from their desk is taking without asking.
Who acts: things, Using · What happens: use, be, take, ask · To what, where: things, desk
This is a sentence of the lesson «Good manners on buses and trains, and borrowing things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (things, Using), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 taking | csubj |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 classmate | det |
| 3 | classmate | classmate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 things | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 classmate | case |
| 5 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Using | obj |
| 6 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 9 away | mark |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 away | nsubj |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 away | cop |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 1 Using | advcl |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 desk | case |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 desk | nmod:poss |
| 12 | desk | desk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 away | obl |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 taking | aux |
| 14 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 15 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 16 asking | mark |
| 16 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 taking | advcl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 taking | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | gerund | a classmate's things | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient | |||||
| 2 | is | present | things = thing | things's desk | away property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | take | present · progressive | Using | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | gerund | Using not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:225-public-transport-and-borrowing.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/225-public-transport-and-borrowing/19/