Wild animals: keep away, never feed, sentence 2
In bear country such as Alaska, Canada and Colorado, hikers stay in groups, talk or make noise so bears hear them coming, keep food locked away, and never run from a bear, but back away slowly while talking calmly.
Who acts: hikers, bears, food · What happens: stay, talk, make, hear, come, keep · To what, where: bear country, noise, hikers, bear
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wild animals: keep away, never feed» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hikers, bears, food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 country | case |
| 2 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 country | compound |
| 3 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 stay | obl |
| 4 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 6 Alaska | case |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 4 such | fixed |
| 6 | Alaska | Alaska | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 country | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Canada | punct |
| 8 | Canada | Canada | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Alaska | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 Colorado | cc |
| 10 | Colorado | Colorado | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Alaska | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 country | punct |
| 12 | hikers | hiker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 stay | nsubj |
| 13 | stay | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 groups | case |
| 15 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 stay | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 talk | punct |
| 17 | talk | talk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 stay | conj |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 make | cc |
| 19 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 talk | conj |
| 20 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 make | obj |
| 21 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 23 hear | mark |
| 22 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 hear | nsubj |
| 23 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 make | advcl |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 hear | obj |
| 25 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 hear | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 keep | punct |
| 27 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 hear | conj |
| 28 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 locked | nsubj |
| 29 | locked | lock | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 keep | xcomp |
| 30 | away | away | ADV | _ | 29 locked | advmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 run | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 run | cc |
| 33 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 34 run | advmod |
| 34 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 stay | parataxis |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 bear | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 bear | det |
| 37 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 run | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 away | punct |
| 39 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 41 away | cc |
| 40 | back | back | ADV | _ | 41 away | advmod |
| 41 | away | away | ADV | _ | 13 stay | conj |
| 42 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 41 away | advmod |
| 43 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 44 talking | mark |
| 44 | talking | talk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 away | advcl |
| 45 | calmly | calmly | ADV | _ | 44 talking | advmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 stay | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | present | hikers | bear country such Alaska and Canada and Colorado | in groups | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location | |||
| 2 | talk | present | hikers not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | make | infinitive | hikers not said here | noise | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product | ||||
| 4 | hear | infinitive | bears | hikers = hiker | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | come | gerund | hikers = hiker not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | keep | infinitive | bears not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | lock away | participle | food | away property | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 8 | not run | present | a bear | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from bear=Trajectory | |||||
| 9 | talk | gerund | hikers not said here | calmly property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:026-wild-animals.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/26-wild-animals/2/