Farm animals and horses, sentence 1
A horse has eyes on the sides of its head, so it sees almost all around, but it has a blind spot right behind it and just in front of its nose; if something surprises it from behind, it may kick hard.
Who acts: horse, something · What happens: have, see, surprise, kick · To what, where: eyes, sides, blind spot, spot, horse
This is a sentence of the lesson «Farm animals and horses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse, something), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 horse | det |
| 2 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 has | obj |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 sides | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sides | det |
| 7 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 eyes | nmod |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 head | case |
| 9 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 head | nmod:poss |
| 10 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sides | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 sees | punct |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 sees | advmod |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 sees | nsubj |
| 14 | sees | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | parataxis |
| 15 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 17 around | advmod |
| 16 | all | all | ADV | _ | 17 around | advmod |
| 17 | around | around | ADV | _ | 14 sees | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 has | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 has | cc |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 has | nsubj |
| 21 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | conj |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 spot | det |
| 23 | blind | blind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 spot | amod |
| 24 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 has | obj |
| 25 | right | right | ADV | _ | 27 it | advmod |
| 26 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 27 it | case |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 spot | nmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 front | cc |
| 29 | just | just | ADV | _ | 31 front | advmod |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 front | case |
| 31 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 it | conj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 nose | case |
| 33 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 nose | nmod:poss |
| 34 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 front | nmod |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 surprises | punct |
| 36 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 38 surprises | mark |
| 37 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 38 surprises | nsubj |
| 38 | surprises | surprise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 kick | advcl |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 surprises | obj |
| 40 | from | from | ADP | _ | 41 behind | case |
| 41 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 38 surprises | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 kick | punct |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 kick | nsubj |
| 44 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 kick | aux |
| 45 | kick | kick | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 has | parataxis |
| 46 | hard | hard | ADV | _ | 45 kick | advmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | a horse | eyes | the sides of horse's head | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | |||
| 2 | see | present | horse | around property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | have | present | horse | a blind spot | spot | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient | |||
| 4 | surprise a condition, not said to happen | present | something | horse | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | kick | may | horse | hard property | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:028-farm-animals-and-horses.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/28-farm-animals-and-horses/1/