Weather and seasons, sentence 10
un orage is a thunderstorm, le tonnerre is thunder and un éclair is a flash of lightning (and also a chocolate pastry); Il y a de l'orage means there's a storm.
Who acts: un orage, thunder, Il, de l'orage, storm · What happens: be, y, mean · To what, where: thunderstorm, flash · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Weather and seasons» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (un orage, thunder, Il, de l'orage), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | un | UN | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 orage | compound |
| 2 | orage | orage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 thunderstorm | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 thunderstorm | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 thunderstorm | det |
| 5 | thunderstorm | thunderstorm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 flash | parataxis |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 tonnerre | punct |
| 7 | le | le | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 tonnerre | compound |
| 8 | tonnerre | tonnerre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 thunderstorm | conj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 flash | cop |
| 10 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 flash | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 éclair | cc |
| 12 | un | UN | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 éclair | compound |
| 13 | éclair | éclair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 thunder | conj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 flash | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 flash | det |
| 16 | flash | flash | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 lightning | case |
| 18 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 flash | nmod |
| 19 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 24 pastry | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 pastry | cc |
| 21 | also | also | ADV | _ | 24 pastry | advmod |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 pastry | det |
| 23 | chocolate | chocolate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 pastry | compound |
| 24 | pastry | pastry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 flash | appos |
| 25 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 24 pastry | punct |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 y | punct |
| 27 | Il | Il | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 y | nsubj |
| 28 | y | y | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 flash | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 l'orage | det |
| 30 | de | de | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 l'orage | compound |
| 31 | l'orage | l'orage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 means | nsubj |
| 32 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 y | ccomp |
| 33 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 34 's | expl |
| 34 | 's | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 means | ccomp |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 storm | det |
| 36 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 's | nsubj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 thunderstorm | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | un orage | a thunderstorm and le tonnerre | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | thunder and un éclair | a flash | of lightning | tree rules | |||
| 3 | y | past | Il | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | mean | present | a de l'orage | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | be | present | a storm | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:013-weather-and-seasons.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/13-weather-and-seasons/10/