Weather and seasons, sentence 8
il y a means "there is" or "there are": il y a des nuages (it's cloudy), il y a du vent (it's windy), il y a du soleil (it's sunny).
Who acts: il, a, means · What happens: y, means, be · To what, where: des nuages, du vent, du soleil · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Weather and seasons» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (il, a, means), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | il | IL | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 y | nsubj |
| 2 | y | y | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 means | nsubj |
| 4 | means | means | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 y | obj |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 is | punct |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 7 is | expl |
| 7 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 means | ccomp |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 is | punct |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 are | cc |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 are | punct |
| 11 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 12 are | expl |
| 12 | are | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 is | conj |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 are | punct |
| 14 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 y | punct |
| 15 | il | IL | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 y | nsubj |
| 16 | y | y | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 y | conj |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 nuages | det |
| 18 | des | des | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 nuages | compound |
| 19 | nuages | nuage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 y | obj |
| 20 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 23 cloudy | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 cloudy | nsubj |
| 22 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 cloudy | cop |
| 23 | cloudy | cloudy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 y | parataxis |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 23 cloudy | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 y | punct |
| 26 | il | IL | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 y | nsubj |
| 27 | y | y | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 y | conj |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 vent | det |
| 29 | du | du | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 vent | amod |
| 30 | vent | vent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 y | obj |
| 31 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 34 windy | punct |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 windy | nsubj |
| 33 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 windy | cop |
| 34 | windy | windy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 y | parataxis |
| 35 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 34 windy | punct |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 y | punct |
| 37 | il | IL | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 y | nsubj |
| 38 | y | y | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 y | conj |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 soleil | det |
| 40 | du | du | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 soleil | amod |
| 41 | soleil | soleil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 y | obj |
| 42 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 45 sunny | punct |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 sunny | nsubj |
| 44 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 sunny | cop |
| 45 | sunny | sunny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 y | parataxis |
| 46 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 45 sunny | punct |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 y | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | y | past | il | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | means | a | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | be in a quote | present | a not said here | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | be in a quote | present | a not said here | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | y | past | il | a des nuages | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is | present | means | cloudy property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | y | past | il | a du vent | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | is | present | means | windy property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | y | past | il | a du soleil | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | is | present | means | sunny property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:013-weather-and-seasons.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/13-weather-and-seasons/8/