Plurals: les, des and silent s, sentence 9
Words ending in -al usually change to -aux: un animal, des animaux; un cheval, des chevaux; un journal, des journaux.
Who acts: Words · What happens: end, change · To what, where: al
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plurals: les, des and silent s» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 change | nsubj |
| 2 | ending | end | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Words | acl |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 al | case |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 in | punct |
| 5 | al | Al | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 ending | obl |
| 6 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 7 change | advmod |
| 7 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 aux | case |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 to | punct |
| 10 | aux | aux | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 change | obl |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 animal | punct |
| 12 | un | un | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 animal | det |
| 13 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 aux | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 animaux | punct |
| 15 | des | des | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 animaux | det |
| 16 | animaux | animaux | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 animal | conj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 cheval | punct |
| 18 | un | un | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 cheval | det |
| 19 | cheval | cheval | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 animal | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 chevaux | punct |
| 21 | des | des | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 chevaux | det |
| 22 | chevaux | chevaux | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 animal | conj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 journal | punct |
| 24 | un | un | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 journal | det |
| 25 | journal | journal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 animal | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 journaux | punct |
| 27 | des | des | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 journaux | det |
| 28 | journaux | journaux | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 animal | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 change | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | end | gerund | Words not said here | al | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | change | infinitive | Words | to aux result; usually property | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to aux=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:026-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/26-plurals-les-des-and-silent-s/9/