Être: to be, sentence 6
Être (to be): je suis, tu es, il est, elle est, on est, nous sommes, vous êtes, ils sont, elles sont; it must be learned by heart.
Who acts: heart · What happens: learn · To what, where: est
This is a sentence of the lesson «Être: to be» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Être | Être | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 je | vocative |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 4 be | punct |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 be | mark |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Être | advcl |
| 5 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 4 be | punct |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 je | punct |
| 7 | je | je | X | _ | 37 learned | parataxis |
| 8 | suis | sui | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 je | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 es | punct |
| 10 | tu | tu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 es | compound |
| 11 | es | e | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 suis | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 il | punct |
| 13 | il | il | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 suis | nmod:unmarked |
| 14 | est | est | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 il | flat |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 est | punct |
| 16 | elle | elle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 est | amod |
| 17 | est | est | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 il | appos |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 est | punct |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 est | case |
| 20 | est | est | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 je | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 sommes | punct |
| 22 | nous | nous | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 sommes | compound |
| 23 | sommes | somme | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 est | appos |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 êtes | punct |
| 25 | vous | vous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 êtes | amod |
| 26 | êtes | ête | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 sommes | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 ils | punct |
| 28 | ils | il | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 sommes | conj |
| 29 | sont | sont | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sont | compound |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 elles | punct |
| 31 | elles | elle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 sont | conj |
| 32 | sont | sont | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 ils | nmod:unmarked |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 learned | punct |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 learned | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 37 learned | aux |
| 36 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 37 learned | aux:pass |
| 37 | learned | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 38 | by | by | ADP | _ | 39 heart | case |
| 39 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 learned | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Être | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | must · passive | heart | est | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:028-etre-to-be.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/28-etre-to-be/6/