France and the French-speaking world, sentence 1

In fact more French speakers live in Africa than in Europe, in big cities such as Kinshasa, Abidjan and Dakar, and many of them speak an African language at home as well.

Who acts: more French speakers, many · What happens: live, speak · To what, where: fact, African language, home · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «France and the French-speaking world» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (more French speakers, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 fact	case
2	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 live	obl
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 speakers	amod
4	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 speakers	amod
5	speakers	speaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 live	nsubj
6	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Africa	case
8	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 live	obl
9	than	than	ADP	_	11 Europe	case
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 Europe	case
11	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 live	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 cities	punct
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 cities	case
14	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cities	amod
15	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 live	obl
16	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	18 Kinshasa	case
17	as	as	ADP	_	16 such	fixed
18	Kinshasa	Kinshasa	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 cities	nmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 Abidjan	punct
20	Abidjan	Abidjan	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 Kinshasa	conj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 Dakar	cc
22	Dakar	Dakar	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 Kinshasa	conj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 speak	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 speak	cc
25	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 speak	nsubj
26	of	of	ADP	_	27 them	case
27	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 many	nmod
28	speak	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 live	conj
29	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 language	det
30	African	African	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 language	amod
31	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 speak	obj
32	at	at	ADP	_	33 home	case
33	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 speak	obl
34	as	as	ADV	ExtPos=ADV	28 speak	advmod
35	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	34 as	fixed
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 live	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	more French speakers			fact		in Africa; than Europe; in big cities such Kinshasa and Abidjan and Dakar	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fact=Location
2	speak speech: other	present	many of speakers	a African language		home			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/1/