France and the French-speaking world, sentence 6
More French speakers live in Africa than in Europe; big French-speaking cities include Paris, Kinshasa, Abidjan, Montreal and Dakar.
Who acts: More French speakers, big speaking cities · What happens: live, speak, include · To what, where: Africa, Paris · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «France and the French-speaking world» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (More French speakers, big speaking cities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | More | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 speakers | amod |
| 2 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 speakers | amod |
| 3 | speakers | speaker | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 live | nsubj |
| 4 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 Africa | case |
| 6 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 live | obl |
| 7 | than | than | ADP | _ | 9 Europe | case |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 Europe | case |
| 9 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 live | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 include | punct |
| 11 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 cities | amod |
| 12 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 speaking | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 speaking | punct |
| 14 | speaking | speak | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 cities | amod |
| 15 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 include | nsubj |
| 16 | include | include | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 live | parataxis |
| 17 | Paris | Paris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 include | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Kinshasa | punct |
| 19 | Kinshasa | Kinshasa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Paris | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Abidjan | punct |
| 21 | Abidjan | Abidjan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Paris | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 Montreal | punct |
| 23 | Montreal | Montreal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 Paris | conj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 Dakar | cc |
| 25 | Dakar | Dakar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Montreal | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 live | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | More French speakers | Africa | than Europe | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location | |||
| 2 | speak speech: other | gerund | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | include | present | big speaking cities | Paris and Kinshasa and Abidjan and Montreal and Dakar | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paris=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:034-france-and-the-french-speaking-world.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/34-france-and-the-french-speaking-world/6/