The Middle East and Central Asia, sentence 13
Iraq's capital is Baghdad on the Tigris, and Mesopotamia (a Greek name meaning «between the rivers»), the land between the Tigris and Euphrates, saw some of the first cities, such as Uruk, over 5,000 years ago.
Who acts: capital, Greek name, Mesopotamia · What happens: be, mean, see · To what, where: Baghdad, Tigris, some
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (capital, Greek name, Mesopotamia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iraq | Iraq | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 capital | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Iraq | case |
| 3 | capital | capital | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 Baghdad | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 Baghdad | cop |
| 5 | Baghdad | Baghdad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 saw | parataxis |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 Tigris | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Tigris | det |
| 8 | Tigris | Tigris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Baghdad | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 saw | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 Mesopotamia | cc |
| 11 | Mesopotamia | Mesopotamia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 saw | nsubj |
| 12 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 15 name | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 name | det |
| 14 | Greek | Greek | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 name | amod |
| 15 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Mesopotamia | appos |
| 16 | meaning | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 name | acl |
| 17 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 20 rivers | punct |
| 18 | between | between | ADP | _ | 20 rivers | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 rivers | det |
| 20 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 meaning | obl |
| 21 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 20 rivers | punct |
| 22 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 15 name | punct |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 land | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 land | det |
| 25 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Mesopotamia | appos |
| 26 | between | between | ADP | _ | 28 Tigris | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Tigris | det |
| 28 | Tigris | Tigris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 land | nmod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Euphrates | cc |
| 30 | Euphrates | Euphrates | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Tigris | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Mesopotamia | punct |
| 32 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 33 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 32 saw | obj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 cities | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 cities | det |
| 36 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 37 cities | amod |
| 37 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 some | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 Uruk | punct |
| 39 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 41 Uruk | case |
| 40 | as | as | ADP | _ | 39 such | fixed |
| 41 | Uruk | Uruk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 cities | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 over | punct |
| 43 | over | over | ADV | _ | 44 5,000 | advmod |
| 44 | 5,000 | 5000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 45 years | nummod |
| 45 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 46 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 32 saw | advmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 Baghdad | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Iraq's capital | Baghdad | the Tigris | tree rules | |||
| 2 | mean | gerund | a Greek name not said here | between the rivers | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | see | past | Mesopotamia | some | ago property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer some=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/13/