The Middle East and Central Asia, sentence 3
That is why Mesopotamia, the land between those two rivers, saw some of the first cities on Earth.
Who acts: That, Mesopotamia · What happens: be, see · To what, where: some
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, Mesopotamia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 why | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 why | cop |
| 3 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Rel | root | root |
| 4 | Mesopotamia | Mesopotamia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 saw | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 land | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Mesopotamia | appos |
| 8 | between | between | ADP | _ | 11 rivers | case |
| 9 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 11 rivers | det |
| 10 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 rivers | nummod |
| 11 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 land | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Mesopotamia | punct |
| 13 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 why | ccomp |
| 14 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 saw | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 cities | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 cities | det |
| 17 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 18 cities | amod |
| 18 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 some | nmod |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 Earth | case |
| 20 | Earth | Earth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 cities | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 why | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | That | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see | past | Mesopotamia | some | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer some=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/3/