Africa: countries and capitals, sentence 2
That is why some borders are ruler-straight lines across deserts.
Who acts: That, borders · What happens: be · To what, where: ruler straight lines, deserts
This is a sentence of the lesson «Africa: countries and capitals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, borders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 why | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 why | cop |
| 3 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Rel | root | root |
| 4 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 borders | det |
| 5 | borders | border | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 lines | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 lines | cop |
| 7 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lines | compound |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 ruler | punct |
| 9 | straight | straight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 lines | amod |
| 10 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 why | ccomp |
| 11 | across | across | ADP | _ | 12 deserts | case |
| 12 | deserts | desert | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 lines | nmod |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 why | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | That | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | some borders | ruler straight lines | deserts | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:013-africa-countries-and-capitals.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/13-africa-countries-and-capitals/2/