Latin America and the Caribbean, sentence 12

After 1492 the Indigenous population of the Americas collapsed, in many regions by perhaps nine out of ten within a century, mostly from new diseases such as smallpox, along with war and forced labour; the exact numbers are still debated.

Who acts: Indigenous population · What happens: collapse, force, debate · To what, where: many regions, exact numbers

This is a sentence of the lesson «Latin America and the Caribbean» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indigenous population), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	2 1492	case
2	1492	1492	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 collapsed	obl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 population	det
4	Indigenous	Indigenous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 population	amod
5	population	population	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 collapsed	nsubj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 Americas	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Americas	det
8	Americas	Americas	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 population	nmod
9	collapsed	collapse	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 regions	punct
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 regions	case
12	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 regions	amod
13	regions	region	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 collapsed	obl
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 nine	case
15	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	_	16 nine	advmod
16	nine	nine	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 regions	nmod
17	out	out	ADP	_	19 ten	case
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 ten	case
19	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 nine	nmod
20	within	within	ADP	_	22 century	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 century	det
22	century	century	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 nine	nmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 diseases	punct
24	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	27 diseases	advmod
25	from	from	ADP	_	27 diseases	case
26	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 diseases	amod
27	diseases	disease	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 collapsed	obl
28	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	30 smallpox	case
29	as	as	ADP	_	28 such	fixed
30	smallpox	smallpox	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 diseases	nmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 war	punct
32	along	along	ADP	_	34 war	case
33	with	with	ADP	_	34 war	case
34	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 smallpox	nmod
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 labour	cc
36	forced	force	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	37 labour	amod
37	labour	labour	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 war	conj
38	;	;	PUNCT	_	44 debated	punct
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 numbers	det
40	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 numbers	amod
41	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 debated	nsubj:pass
42	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	44 debated	aux:pass
43	still	still	ADV	_	44 debated	advmod
44	debated	debate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 collapsed	conj
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 collapsed	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	collapse	past	the Indigenous population of the Americas		many regions by nine out ten within a century	after 1492	from new diseases such smallpox along war and forced labour	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	force	participle						vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	debate	present · passive		the exact numbers		still		vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:014-latin-america-and-the-caribbean.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/14-latin-america-and-the-caribbean/12/