The Arctic and Antarctica, sentence 0

The two polar regions are opposites: the Arctic, at the top of the world, is a frozen ocean surrounded by land, while Antarctica, at the bottom, is a continent of land buried under ice and surrounded by ocean.

Who acts: two polar regions, Antarctica · What happens: be, surround, bury · To what, where: opposites, frozen ocean, continent, land, ice

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic and Antarctica» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two polar regions, Antarctica), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 regions	det
2	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 regions	nummod
3	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 regions	amod
4	regions	region	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 opposites	nsubj
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 opposites	cop
6	opposites	opposite	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 Arctic	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Arctic	det
9	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 opposites	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 top	punct
11	at	at	ADP	_	13 top	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 top	det
13	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 Arctic	appos
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 world	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 world	det
16	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 top	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 ocean	punct
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 ocean	cop
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 ocean	det
20	frozen	frozen	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 ocean	amod
21	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opposites	parataxis
22	surrounded	surround	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 ocean	acl
23	by	by	ADP	_	24 land	case
24	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 surrounded	obl:agent
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 Antarctica	punct
26	while	while	SCONJ	_	35 continent	mark
27	Antarctica	Antarctica	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 continent	nsubj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 bottom	punct
29	at	at	ADP	_	31 bottom	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 bottom	det
31	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 Antarctica	appos
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 continent	punct
33	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 continent	cop
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 continent	det
35	continent	continent	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 opposites	advcl
36	of	of	ADP	_	37 land	case
37	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 continent	nmod
38	buried	bury	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	37 land	acl
39	under	under	ADP	_	40 ice	case
40	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 buried	obl
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 surrounded	cc
42	surrounded	surround	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	38 buried	conj
43	by	by	ADP	_	44 ocean	case
44	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 surrounded	obl:agent
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 opposites	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the two polar regions	opposites		the Arctic nmod	tree rules
2	is a	present		a frozen ocean			tree rules
3	surround	participle		a frozen ocean not said here			vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
4	is a	present	Antarctica	a continent		of land	tree rules
5	bury	participle		land not said here	ice		vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent under ice=Destination
6	surround	participle					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/0/