The Arctic and Antarctica, sentence 9
Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, driest and highest continent on average (so little snow or rain falls that it counts as a desert), and the Soviet station Vostok recorded the lowest measured air temperature, about minus 89 degrees Celsius, in 1983.
Who acts: Antarctica, little snow, average, Soviet station · What happens: be, fall, count, record, measure · To what, where: coldest continent, average, lowest measured air temperature, 1983
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic and Antarctica» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antarctica, little snow, average, Soviet station), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Antarctica | Antarctica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 continent | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 continent | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 continent | det |
| 4 | coldest | cold | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 11 continent | amod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 windiest | punct |
| 6 | windiest | windy | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 coldest | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 driest | punct |
| 8 | driest | dry | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 coldest | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 highest | cc |
| 10 | highest | high | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 coldest | conj |
| 11 | continent | continent | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 average | case |
| 13 | average | average | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 continent | nmod |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 falls | punct |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 little | advmod |
| 16 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 snow | amod |
| 17 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 falls | nsubj |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 rain | cc |
| 19 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 snow | conj |
| 20 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 continent | parataxis |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 counts | mark |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 counts | nsubj |
| 23 | counts | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 falls | ccomp |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 26 desert | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 desert | det |
| 26 | desert | desert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 counts | obl |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 falls | punct |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 recorded | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 recorded | cc |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 station | det |
| 31 | Soviet | Soviet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 station | compound |
| 32 | station | station | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 recorded | nsubj |
| 33 | Vostok | Vostok | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 station | appos |
| 34 | recorded | record | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 continent | conj |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 temperature | det |
| 36 | lowest | low | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 39 temperature | amod |
| 37 | measured | measure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 temperature | amod |
| 38 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 temperature | compound |
| 39 | temperature | temperature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 recorded | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 degrees | punct |
| 41 | about | about | ADV | _ | 44 degrees | advmod |
| 42 | minus | minus | ADV | _ | 43 89 | advmod |
| 43 | 89 | 89 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 44 degrees | nummod |
| 44 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 temperature | appos |
| 45 | Celsius | Celsius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 degrees | nmod:unmarked |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 1983 | punct |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 1983 | case |
| 48 | 1983 | 1983 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 34 recorded | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 continent | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Antarctica | the coldest continent | average | tree rules | |||
| 2 | fall | present | little snow or rain | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | count | present | average | as a desert | vn masquerade-29.6 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as desert=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | record | past | the Soviet station | the lowest measured air temperature | 1983 | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme in 1983=Destination | |||
| 5 | measure | participle | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:015-the-arctic-and-antarctica.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/15-the-arctic-and-antarctica/9/