Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz and the other narrow doors, sentence 18

Magellan found the Strait of Magellan near the tip of South America in 1520, while the wide Drake Passage, about 800 km across between Cape Horn and Antarctica, is one of the roughest seas on Earth, because strong winds and currents race round the world there with no land to stop them.

Who acts: Magellan, strong winds · What happens: find, be, race, stop · To what, where: Strait, tip, one, world, winds

This is a sentence of the lesson «Straits: Bosporus, Gibraltar, Malacca, Hormuz and the other narrow doors» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Magellan, strong winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Magellan	Magellan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 found	nsubj
2	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Strait	det
4	Strait	Strait	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 found	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 Magellan	case
6	Magellan	Magellan	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Strait	nmod
7	near	near	ADP	_	9 tip	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 tip	det
9	tip	tip	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 America	case
11	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 America	compound
12	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 tip	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 1520	case
14	1520	1520	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 found	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 Passage	punct
16	while	while	SCONJ	_	20 Passage	mark
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Passage	det
18	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 Passage	amod
19	Drake	drake	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 Passage	compound
20	Passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	advcl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 km	punct
22	about	about	ADV	_	23 800	advmod
23	800	800	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	24 km	nummod
24	km	km	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 Passage	conj
25	across	across	ADP	_	28 Horn	case
26	between	between	ADP	_	28 Horn	case
27	Cape	Cape	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 Horn	compound
28	Horn	horn	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 km	nmod
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 Antarctica	cc
30	Antarctica	Antarctica	PROPN	Number=Sing	28 Horn	conj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 one	punct
32	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 one	cop
33	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 Passage	conj
34	of	of	ADP	_	37 seas	case
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 seas	det
36	roughest	rough	ADJ	Degree=Sup	37 seas	amod
37	seas	sea	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 one	nmod
38	on	on	ADP	_	39 Earth	case
39	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 seas	nmod
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 race	punct
41	because	because	SCONJ	_	46 race	mark
42	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 winds	amod
43	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	46 race	nsubj
44	and	and	CCONJ	_	45 currents	cc
45	currents	current	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 winds	conj
46	race	race	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 one	advcl
47	round	round	ADP	_	49 world	case
48	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	49 world	det
49	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 race	obl
50	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	46 race	advmod
51	with	with	ADP	_	53 land	case
52	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	53 land	det
53	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 race	obl
54	to	to	PART	_	55 stop	mark
55	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	53 land	acl
56	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	55 stop	obj
57	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 found	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	find	past	Magellan	the Strait of Magellan	the tip of South America	in 1520	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strait=Topic
2	is a	present	Magellan not said here	one		of the roughest seas on Earth	tree rules
3	race	present	strong winds and currents		the world; there	with no land	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round world=Trajectory
4	stop	to-infinitive	strong winds and currents not said here	winds = wind			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality they=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:019-straits-the-narrow-doors.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/19-straits-the-narrow-doors/18/