Directions, latitude and longitude, sentence 12

For centuries sailors could not find their longitude at sea, until John Harrison built an accurate marine clock, his H4 watch, which was tested at sea in 1761; the Earth turns 15 degrees every hour, so each hour between London time and local noon means 15 degrees of longitude.

Who acts: sailors, John, Earth, hour · What happens: not find, build, test, turn, mean · To what, where: longitude, sea, accurate marine clock, H4 watch, 15 degrees

This is a sentence of the lesson «Directions, latitude and longitude» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sailors, John, Earth, hour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	For	for	ADP	_	2 centuries	case
2	centuries	century	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 find	obl
3	sailors	sailor	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 find	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 find	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 find	advmod
6	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 longitude	nmod:poss
8	longitude	longitude	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 find	obj
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 sea	case
10	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 find	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 built	punct
12	until	until	SCONJ	_	15 built	mark
13	John	John	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 built	nsubj
14	Harrison	Harrison	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 John	flat
15	built	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 find	advcl
16	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 clock	det
17	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 clock	amod
18	marine	marine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 clock	amod
19	clock	clock	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 built	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 watch	punct
21	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 watch	nmod:poss
22	H4	h4	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 watch	compound
23	watch	watch	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 clock	appos
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 tested	punct
25	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 tested	nsubj:pass
26	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	27 tested	aux:pass
27	tested	test	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 watch	acl:relcl
28	at	at	ADP	_	29 sea	case
29	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 tested	obl
30	in	in	ADP	_	31 1761	case
31	1761	1761	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	27 tested	obl
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 find	punct
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 Earth	det
34	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	35 turns	nsubj
35	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 find	parataxis
36	15	15	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	37 degrees	nummod
37	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 turns	obj
38	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	39 hour	det
39	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 turns	obl:unmarked
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 means	punct
41	so	so	ADV	_	50 means	advmod
42	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	43 hour	det
43	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 means	nsubj
44	between	between	ADP	_	46 time	case
45	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	46 time	compound
46	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 hour	nmod
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 noon	cc
48	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	49 noon	amod
49	noon	noon	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 time	conj
50	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 built	parataxis
51	15	15	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	52 degrees	nummod
52	degrees	degree	NOUN	Number=Plur	50 means	obj
53	of	of	ADP	_	54 longitude	case
54	longitude	longitude	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 degrees	nmod
55	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 find	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not find	could	sailors	sailors's longitude	sea	century		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent longitude=Theme at sea=Asset
2	build	past	John	a accurate marine clock				vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clock=Product
3	test	past · passive		John's H4 watch	sea		in 1761	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
4	turn	present	the Earth	15 degrees		hour		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent degree=Theme
5	mean	present	each hour between London time and local noon	15 degrees of longitude				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent degree=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:002-directions-latitude-and-longitude.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/2-directions-latitude-and-longitude/12/