Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts, sentence 18
Britain's Bridgewater Canal, opened in 1761, carried coal to Manchester (a horse on the bank could pull a boat holding far more coal than a cart on a road) and began a canal age that spread thousands of kilometres of canals across England.
Who acts: Bridgewater Canal, horse, boat, canal age · What happens: open, carry, pull, hold, begin, spread · To what, where: 1761, coal, Manchester, boat, more coal, canal age
This is a sentence of the lesson «Canals: Suez, Panama and the shortcuts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bridgewater Canal, horse, boat, canal age), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Canal | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Britain | case |
| 3 | Bridgewater | Bridgewater | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Canal | compound |
| 4 | Canal | Canal | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 opened | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 Canal | punct |
| 6 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 1761 | case |
| 8 | 1761 | 1761 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 opened | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 carried | punct |
| 10 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 opened | conj |
| 11 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 carried | obj |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 Manchester | case |
| 13 | Manchester | Manchester | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 carried | obl |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 21 pull | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 horse | det |
| 16 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 pull | nsubj |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 bank | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 bank | det |
| 19 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 horse | nmod |
| 20 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 pull | aux |
| 21 | pull | pull | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 Manchester | parataxis |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 boat | det |
| 23 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 pull | obj |
| 24 | holding | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 boat | acl |
| 25 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 26 more | advmod |
| 26 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 27 coal | amod |
| 27 | coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 holding | obj |
| 28 | than | than | ADP | _ | 30 cart | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 cart | det |
| 30 | cart | cart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 holding | obl |
| 31 | on | on | ADP | _ | 33 road | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 road | det |
| 33 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 cart | nmod |
| 34 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 21 pull | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 began | cc |
| 36 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 carried | conj |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 age | det |
| 38 | canal | canal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 age | compound |
| 39 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 began | obj |
| 40 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 spread | nsubj |
| 41 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 age | acl:relcl |
| 42 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 spread | obj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 kilometres | case |
| 44 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 thousands | nmod |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 canals | case |
| 46 | canals | canal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 kilometres | nmod |
| 47 | across | across | ADP | _ | 48 England | case |
| 48 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 spread | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 carried | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | past | Britain's Bridgewater Canal | 1761 | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in 1761=Location | ||||
| 2 | carry | past | Britain's Bridgewater Canal not said here | coal | Manchester | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent coal=Theme to manchester=Destination | |||
| 3 | pull | could | a horse on the bank | a boat | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme | ||||
| 4 | hold | gerund | a boat not said here | more coal | than a cart on a road | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coal=Theme | |||
| 5 | begin | past | Britain's Bridgewater Canal not said here | a canal age | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | spread | past | a canal age | thousands of kilometres of canals | England | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thousand=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:020-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/20-canals-suez-panama-and-the-shortcuts/18/