Population and cities, sentence 14

A megacity has more than 10 million people, and there are now over 30 of them, most in Asia, including Tokyo, Delhi, Shanghai, Dhaka, São Paulo, Cairo and Lagos.

Who acts: megacity, 30 · What happens: have, be · To what, where: million people, most

This is a sentence of the lesson «Population and cities» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (megacity, 30), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 megacity	det
2	megacity	megacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	7 million	advmod
5	than	than	ADP	_	4 more	fixed
6	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 million	compound
7	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 people	nummod
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 are	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 are	cc
11	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	12 are	expl
12	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 has	conj
13	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 are	advmod
14	over	over	ADV	_	15 30	advmod
15	30	30	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 are	nsubj
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 them	case
17	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 30	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 most	punct
19	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 are	obl
20	in	in	ADP	_	21 Asia	case
21	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 most	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 Tokyo	punct
23	including	include	ADP	_	24 Tokyo	case
24	Tokyo	Tokyo	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Asia	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 Delhi	punct
26	Delhi	Delhi	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 Tokyo	conj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 Shanghai	punct
28	Shanghai	Shanghai	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Asia	conj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 Dhaka	punct
30	Dhaka	Dhaka	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Asia	conj
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 São	punct
32	São	São	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Asia	conj
33	Paulo	Paulo	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 São	flat
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 Cairo	punct
35	Cairo	Cairo	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Asia	conj
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 Lagos	cc
37	Lagos	Lagos	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 Asia	conj
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a megacity	million people					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient
2	be	present	30 of people	most in Asia and Tokyo and Delhi and Shanghai and Dhaka and São and Cairo and Lagos		there	now		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:024-population-and-cities.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/24-population-and-cities/14/