The Atlantic routes and the slave trade, sentence 12
About 12.5 million Africans were forced onto ships across the Atlantic between the 1500s and the 1860s, and about 2 million died on the voyage.
Who acts: 2 million · What happens: force, die · To what, where: million Africans, ships, voyage
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (2 million), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 3 million | advmod |
| 2 | 12.5 | 12.5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Frac | 3 million | compound |
| 3 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 Africans | nummod |
| 4 | Africans | african | PROPN | Number=Plur | 6 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 forced | aux:pass |
| 6 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | onto | onto | ADP | _ | 8 ships | case |
| 8 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 forced | obl |
| 9 | across | across | ADP | _ | 11 Atlantic | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Atlantic | det |
| 11 | Atlantic | Atlantic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 ships | nmod |
| 12 | between | between | ADP | _ | 14 1500s | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 1500s | det |
| 14 | 1500s | 1500 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 6 forced | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 1860s | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 1860s | det |
| 17 | 1860s | 1860 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 14 1500s | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 died | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 died | cc |
| 20 | about | about | ADV | _ | 22 million | advmod |
| 21 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 million | compound |
| 22 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 died | nsubj |
| 23 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 forced | conj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 voyage | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 voyage | det |
| 26 | voyage | voyage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 died | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 forced | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | force | past · passive | million Africans | ships across the Atlantic | between the 1500s and the 1860s | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient | |||
| 2 | die | past | 2 million | the voyage | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:030-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/12/