Borders: why they are where they are, sentence 3
In Europa Universalis 5 borders move with every war and inheritance, and that is not far from the truth, but the game shows them as sharp lines, while real borders around 1337 were often blurry zones.
Who acts: borders, that, game, real borders · What happens: move, be, show · To what, where: Europa, truth, war, blurry zones
This is a sentence of the lesson «Borders: why they are where they are» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (borders, that, game, real borders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 Europa | case |
| 2 | Europa | Europa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 move | obl |
| 3 | Universalis | Universalis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Europa | flat |
| 4 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 Europa | flat |
| 5 | borders | border | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 move | nsubj |
| 6 | move | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 war | case |
| 8 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 war | det |
| 9 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 move | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 inheritance | cc |
| 11 | inheritance | inheritance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 war | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 truth | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 truth | cc |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 truth | nsubj |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 truth | cop |
| 16 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 far | advmod |
| 17 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 truth | advmod |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 truth | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 truth | det |
| 20 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 move | parataxis |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 shows | punct |
| 22 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 25 shows | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 game | det |
| 24 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 shows | nsubj |
| 25 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 move | conj |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 shows | obj |
| 27 | as | as | ADP | _ | 29 lines | case |
| 28 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 lines | amod |
| 29 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 shows | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 zones | punct |
| 31 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 39 zones | mark |
| 32 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 borders | amod |
| 33 | borders | border | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 zones | nsubj |
| 34 | around | around | ADP | _ | 35 1337 | case |
| 35 | 1337 | 1337 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 33 borders | nmod |
| 36 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 zones | cop |
| 37 | often | often | ADV | _ | 39 zones | advmod |
| 38 | blurry | blurry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 zones | amod |
| 39 | zones | zone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 shows | advcl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 move | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | move | present | borders | Europa | with every war and inheritance | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in europa=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | is | present | that | the truth | far property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | show | present | the game | war | as sharp lines | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | |||
| 4 | is a | past | real borders around 1337 | blurry zones | often property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:031-borders-why-they-are-where-they-are.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/31-borders-why-they-are-where-they-are/3/