Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers grew, sentence 0
Big countries were not born big: in 1337 Moscow was a small principality paying tribute to the Golden Horde, England still held Gascony in France, and the French king ruled directly only part of what is France today.
Who acts: small principality, England, French king · What happens: not bear, be, pay, hold, rule · To what, where: Big countries, small principality, 1337 Moscow, tribute, Gascony, France
This is a sentence of the lesson «Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers grew» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small principality, England, French king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 countries | amod |
| 2 | countries | country | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 born | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 born | aux:pass |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 born | advmod |
| 5 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 born | xcomp |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 principality | punct |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 Moscow | case |
| 9 | 1337 | 1337 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 Moscow | nummod |
| 10 | Moscow | moscow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 principality | obl |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 principality | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 principality | det |
| 13 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 principality | amod |
| 14 | principality | principality | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 born | parataxis |
| 15 | paying | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 principality | acl |
| 16 | tribute | tribute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 paying | obj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 Horde | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 Horde | det |
| 19 | Golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 Horde | amod |
| 20 | Horde | horde | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 paying | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 held | punct |
| 22 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 held | nsubj |
| 23 | still | still | ADV | _ | 24 held | advmod |
| 24 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 principality | conj |
| 25 | Gascony | Gascony | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 held | obj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 France | case |
| 27 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 held | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 ruled | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 ruled | cc |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 king | det |
| 31 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 king | amod |
| 32 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 ruled | nsubj |
| 33 | ruled | rule | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 held | conj |
| 34 | directly | directly | ADV | _ | 33 ruled | advmod |
| 35 | only | only | ADV | _ | 36 part | advmod |
| 36 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 ruled | obj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 what | case |
| 38 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 part | nmod |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 France | cop |
| 40 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 today | compound |
| 41 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 what | obl:unmarked |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 born | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not bear | past · passive | Big countries | big property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | a small principality | 1337 Moscow | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | pay | gerund | a small principality not said here | tribute | to the Golden Horde | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribute=Asset | |||
| 4 | hold | past | England | Gascony | France | still | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent gascony=Theme in france=Location | ||
| 5 | rule | past | the French king | part | directly property | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme | |||
| 6 | is a | present | France | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:034-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/0/