Inside the Earth, sentence 3

Nobody has ever dug down to the mantle, so scientists "listen" to earthquake waves passing through the planet, which bend, speed up, slow down or stop as they cross the different layers.

Who acts: Nobody, scientists, earthquake waves · What happens: dig down, listen, pass, bend, speed up, slow down · To what, where: planet, different layers

This is a sentence of the lesson «Inside the Earth» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nobody, scientists, earthquake waves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 dug	nsubj
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 dug	aux
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 dug	advmod
4	dug	dig	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	down	down	ADP	_	4 dug	compound:prt
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 mantle	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 mantle	det
8	mantle	mantle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dug	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 listen	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	13 listen	advmod
11	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 listen	nsubj
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 listen	punct
13	listen	listen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 dug	parataxis
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 listen	punct
15	to	to	ADP	_	17 waves	case
16	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 waves	compound
17	waves	wave	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 listen	obl
18	passing	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	17 waves	acl
19	through	through	ADP	_	21 planet	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 planet	det
21	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 passing	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 bend	punct
23	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 bend	nsubj
24	bend	bend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 waves	acl:relcl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 speed	punct
26	speed	speed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 bend	conj
27	up	up	ADP	_	26 speed	compound:prt
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 slow	punct
29	slow	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 bend	conj
30	down	down	ADP	_	29 slow	compound:prt
31	or	or	CCONJ	_	32 stop	cc
32	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 bend	conj
33	as	as	SCONJ	_	35 cross	mark
34	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 cross	nsubj
35	cross	cross	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 stop	advcl
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 layers	det
37	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 layers	amod
38	layers	layer	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 cross	obj
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 dug	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig down	present · perfect	Nobody			ever	to the mantle	tree rules
2	listen in a quote	present	scientists				to earthquake waves	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to wave=Theme
3	pass	gerund	earthquake waves not said here		the planet			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through planet=Location
4	bend	present	earthquake waves					vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	speed up	present	earthquake waves not said here					vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	slow down	present	earthquake waves not said here					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7	stop	present	earthquake waves not said here					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
8	cross	present	scientists = scientist	the different layers				vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:041-inside-the-earth.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/41-inside-the-earth/3/