Plate tectonics, sentence 4
For fifty years after Alfred Wegener said the continents move, most scientists laughed; then striped magnetic rocks on the sea floor proved him right, and today GPS measures the movement every day.
Who acts: most scientists, continents, striped magnetic rocks, GPS · What happens: say, move, laugh, prove, measure · To what, where: Wegener, movement · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Plate tectonics» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (most scientists, continents, striped magnetic rocks, GPS), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 years | case |
| 2 | fifty | fifty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 years | nummod |
| 3 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 laughed | obl |
| 4 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 7 said | mark |
| 5 | Alfred | Alfred | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Wegener | compound |
| 6 | Wegener | Wegener | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 years | nmod |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 laughed | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 continents | det |
| 9 | continents | continent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 move | nsubj |
| 10 | move | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 scientists | punct |
| 12 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 scientists | amod |
| 13 | scientists | scientist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 laughed | nsubj |
| 14 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 proved | punct |
| 16 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 proved | advmod |
| 17 | striped | stripe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 rocks | amod |
| 18 | magnetic | magnetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 rocks | amod |
| 19 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 proved | nsubj |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 floor | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 floor | det |
| 22 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 floor | compound |
| 23 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 rocks | nmod |
| 24 | proved | prove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 laughed | conj |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 proved | obj |
| 26 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 proved | xcomp |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 measures | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 measures | cc |
| 29 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 measures | obl |
| 30 | GPS | GPS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 measures | nsubj |
| 31 | measures | measure | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 proved | conj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 movement | det |
| 33 | movement | movement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 measures | obj |
| 34 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 35 day | det |
| 35 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 measures | obl:unmarked |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | most scientists not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | move | present | the continents | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | laugh | past | most scientists | year | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | prove | past | striped magnetic rocks on the sea floor | Wegener | then | right property | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||
| 5 | measure | present | GPS | the movement | day; today | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme movement=Value |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:042-plate-tectonics.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/42-plate-tectonics/4/