Earthquakes, sentence 3

Shaking ground rarely kills anyone by itself; falling buildings do, so the best protection is buildings designed to bend and sway instead of crack.

Who acts: Shaking ground, best protection · What happens: shake, kill, fall, be, design, bend · To what, where: anyone, buildings

This is a sentence of the lesson «Earthquakes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shaking ground, best protection), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Shaking	shake	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 ground	amod
2	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 kills	nsubj
3	rarely	rarely	ADV	_	4 kills	advmod
4	kills	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 kills	obj
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 itself	case
7	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 kills	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 falling	punct
9	falling	fall	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 buildings	amod
10	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 do	nsubj
11	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 kills	parataxis
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 buildings	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	18 buildings	advmod
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 protection	det
15	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	16 protection	amod
16	protection	protection	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 buildings	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 buildings	cop
18	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 kills	parataxis
19	designed	design	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 buildings	acl
20	to	to	PART	_	21 bend	mark
21	bend	bend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 designed	advcl
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 sway	cc
23	sway	sway	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 bend	conj
24	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	26 crack	case
25	of	of	ADP	_	24 instead	fixed
26	crack	crack	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 bend	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 kills	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	shake	gerund				vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
2	kill	present	Shaking ground	anyone	by ground; rarely property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Theme
3	fall	gerund				vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is a	present	the best protection	buildings		tree rules
5	design	participle		buildings not said here		vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	bend	to-infinitive			instead crack	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	sway	infinitive				vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:044-earthquakes.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/44-earthquakes/3/