Minerals and crystals, sentence 16

The Cave of Crystals in Naica, Mexico, holds gypsum crystals up to about 12 metres long, which grew very slowly for hundreds of thousands of years in warm mineral water.

Who acts: Cave, gypsum crystals · What happens: hold, grow · To what, where: gypsum crystals, warm mineral water

This is a sentence of the lesson «Minerals and crystals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cave, gypsum crystals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Cave	det
2	Cave	cave	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 holds	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Crystals	case
4	Crystals	crystal	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 Cave	nmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Naica	case
6	Naica	Naica	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Cave	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 Mexico	punct
8	Mexico	Mexico	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Naica	appos
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Cave	punct
10	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	gypsum	gypsum	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 crystals	compound
12	crystals	crystal	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 holds	obj
13	up	up	ADP	_	17 metres	case
14	to	to	ADP	_	13 up	fixed
15	about	about	ADV	_	16 12	advmod
16	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	17 metres	nummod
17	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 long	obl
18	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 holds	advmod
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 grew	punct
20	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 grew	nsubj
21	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 crystals	acl:relcl
22	very	very	ADV	_	23 slowly	advmod
23	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	21 grew	advmod
24	for	for	ADP	_	25 hundreds	case
25	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 grew	obl
26	of	of	ADP	_	27 thousands	case
27	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 hundreds	nmod
28	of	of	ADP	_	29 years	case
29	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 thousands	nmod
30	in	in	ADP	_	33 water	case
31	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 water	amod
32	mineral	mineral	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 water	amod
33	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 grew	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 holds	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the Cave of Crystals in Naica	gypsum crystals				long property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crystal=Theme
2	grow	past	gypsum crystals			warm mineral water		for hundreds of thousands of years; slowly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:050-minerals-and-crystals.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/50-minerals-and-crystals/16/