Coal, oil and gas, sentence 8
Coal, oil and natural gas are fossil fuels made from the remains of plants and tiny sea creatures buried millions of years ago.
Who acts: Coal, tiny sea creatures · What happens: be, make, bury · To what, where: fossil fuels, remains, millions
This is a sentence of the lesson «Coal, oil and gas» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Coal, tiny sea creatures), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Coal | coal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 fuels | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 oil | punct |
| 3 | oil | oil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Coal | conj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 gas | cc |
| 5 | natural | natural | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 gas | amod |
| 6 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Coal | conj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 fuels | cop |
| 8 | fossil | fossil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 fuels | amod |
| 9 | fuels | fuel | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 10 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 fuels | acl |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 remains | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 remains | det |
| 13 | remains | remains | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 10 made | obl |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 plants | case |
| 15 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 remains | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 creatures | cc |
| 17 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 creatures | amod |
| 18 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 creatures | compound |
| 19 | creatures | creature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 plants | conj |
| 20 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 creatures | acl |
| 21 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 buried | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 years | case |
| 23 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 millions | nmod |
| 24 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 20 buried | advmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 fuels | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Coal and oil and natural gas | fossil fuels | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | participle | fossil fuels not said here | the remains of plants and tiny sea creatures | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from remains=Material | ||||
| 3 | bury | participle | tiny sea creatures not said here | millions of years | ago property | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:059-coal-oil-and-gas.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/59-coal-oil-and-gas/8/