Islands, seas and lakes, sentence 16
The Aral Sea in Central Asia, once the fourth largest lake in the world, has shrunk to about a tenth of its former size since the 1960s.
Who acts: Aral Sea · What happens: shrunk
This is a sentence of the lesson «Islands, seas and lakes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aral Sea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Sea | det |
| 2 | Aral | Aral | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Sea | compound |
| 3 | Sea | Sea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 shrunk | nsubj |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 Asia | case |
| 5 | Central | Central | PROPN | _ | 6 Asia | amod |
| 6 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Sea | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 lake | punct |
| 8 | once | once | ADV | _ | 12 lake | advmod |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 lake | det |
| 10 | fourth | fourth | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 12 lake | amod |
| 11 | largest | large | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 12 lake | amod |
| 12 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 Sea | appos |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 world | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 world | det |
| 15 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 lake | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Sea | punct |
| 17 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 shrunk | aux |
| 18 | shrunk | shrunk | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 tenth | case |
| 20 | about | about | ADV | _ | 22 tenth | advmod |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 tenth | det |
| 22 | tenth | tenth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 shrunk | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 size | case |
| 24 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 size | nmod:poss |
| 25 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 size | amod |
| 26 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 tenth | nmod |
| 27 | since | since | ADP | _ | 29 1960s | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 1960s | det |
| 29 | 1960s | 1960s | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 18 shrunk | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 shrunk | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shrunk | present · perfect | the Aral Sea in Central Asia | since the 1960s | to a tenth of sea's former size | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:006-islands-seas-and-lakes.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/16/