Europe: countries and capitals, sentence 15

The European Union has 27 member countries after the United Kingdom left in 2020, and 21 of them use the euro since Bulgaria joined it in 2026.

Who acts: European Union, United Kingdom, 21, Bulgaria · What happens: have, leave, use, join · To what, where: 27 member countries, 2020, euro, 2026

This is a sentence of the lesson «Europe: countries and capitals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (European Union, United Kingdom, 21, Bulgaria), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Union	det
2	European	European	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Union	compound
3	Union	Union	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	27	27	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 countries	nummod
6	member	member	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 countries	compound
7	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
8	after	after	SCONJ	_	12 left	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Kingdom	det
10	United	United	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Kingdom	flat
11	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 left	nsubj
12	left	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 countries	advcl
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 2020	case
14	2020	2020	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 left	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 use	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 use	cc
17	21	21	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 use	nsubj
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 them	case
19	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 21	nmod
20	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 has	conj
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 euro	det
22	euro	Euro	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 use	obj
23	since	since	SCONJ	_	25 joined	mark
24	Bulgaria	Bulgaria	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 joined	nsubj
25	joined	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 use	advcl
26	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 joined	obj
27	in	in	ADP	_	28 2026	case
28	2026	2026	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	25 joined	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	the European Union	27 member countries			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Patient
2	leave	past	the United Kingdom			in 2020 result	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 2020=Result
3	use	present	21 of countries	the euro			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent euro=Patient
4	join	past	Bulgaria	euro	2026		vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:007-europe-countries-and-capitals.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/7-europe-countries-and-capitals/15/