The United States, sentence 9

Around 400,000 enslaved Africans were shipped directly to the land that became the United States, and bringing in new captives was banned in 1808, but children of enslaved mothers were enslaved too, so by 1860 about 4 million enslaved people lived there, until slavery was abolished in 1865.

Who acts: land, bringing, million enslaved people · What happens: enslave, ship, become, bring in, ban, live · To what, where: 400,000 enslaved Africans, land, United States, new captives, 1808, children

This is a sentence of the lesson «The United States» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, bringing, million enslaved people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Around	around	ADV	_	2 400,000	advmod
2	400,000	400,000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 Africans	nummod
3	enslaved	enslave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 Africans	amod
4	Africans	african	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 shipped	nsubj:pass
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 shipped	aux:pass
6	shipped	ship	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	directly	directly	ADV	_	10 land	advmod
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 land	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 land	det
10	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shipped	obl
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 became	nsubj
12	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 land	acl:relcl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 States	det
14	United	United	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 States	flat
15	States	State	PROPN	Number=Plur	12 became	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 banned	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 banned	cc
18	bringing	bring	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 banned	csubj:pass
19	in	in	ADP	_	18 bringing	compound:prt
20	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 captives	amod
21	captives	captive	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 bringing	obj
22	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 banned	aux:pass
23	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 shipped	conj
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 1808	case
25	1808	1808	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	23 banned	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 enslaved	punct
27	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 enslaved	cc
28	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 enslaved	nsubj:pass
29	of	of	ADP	_	31 mothers	case
30	enslaved	enslave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	31 mothers	amod
31	mothers	mother	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 children	nmod
32	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 enslaved	aux:pass
33	enslaved	enslave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 shipped	conj
34	too	too	ADV	_	33 enslaved	advmod
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 lived	punct
36	so	so	ADV	_	44 lived	advmod
37	by	by	ADP	_	38 1860	case
38	1860	1860	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	44 lived	obl
39	about	about	ADV	_	41 million	advmod
40	4	4	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	41 million	compound
41	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	43 people	nummod
42	enslaved	enslave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	43 people	amod
43	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 lived	nsubj
44	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 enslaved	conj
45	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	44 lived	advmod
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 abolished	punct
47	until	until	SCONJ	_	50 abolished	mark
48	slavery	slavery	NOUN	Number=Sing	50 abolished	nsubj:pass
49	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	50 abolished	aux:pass
50	abolished	abolish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	44 lived	advcl
51	in	in	ADP	_	52 1865	case
52	1865	1865	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	50 abolished	obl
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 shipped	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	enslave	participle					vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	ship	past · passive		400,000 enslaved Africans	the land		vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to land=Destination
3	become	past	the land	the United States			vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Patient state=Result
4	bring in	gerund		new captives			vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme captive=Asset
5	ban	past · passive	bringing		1808		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S_ING»
6	enslave	participle					vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
7	enslave	past · passive		children of enslaved mothers			vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
8	enslave	participle					vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
9	live	past	million enslaved people		there	by 1860	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by 1860=Location
10	abolish	past · passive		slavery	1865		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:009-the-united-states.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/9-the-united-states/9/