Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads, sentence 10
Legionaries marched about 30 kilometres a day carrying their kit, built a fortified camp every night and served for 25 years; at the end they got land or money, and many settled in the provinces, the lands of the empire outside Italy.
Who acts: Legionaries, many · What happens: march, carry, build, fortify, serve, get · To what, where: 30 kilometres, kit, fortified camp, land, end, provinces
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Legionaries, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Legionaries | legionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 marched | nsubj |
| 2 | marched | march | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | about | about | ADV | _ | 4 30 | advmod |
| 4 | 30 | 30 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 kilometres | nummod |
| 5 | kilometres | kilometre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 marched | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 day | det |
| 7 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 marched | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | carrying | carry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 marched | advcl |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 kit | nmod:poss |
| 10 | kit | kit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 carrying | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 built | punct |
| 12 | built | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 marched | conj |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 camp | det |
| 14 | fortified | fortify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 camp | amod |
| 15 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 built | obj |
| 16 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 night | det |
| 17 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 built | obl:unmarked |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 served | cc |
| 19 | served | serve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 marched | conj |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 years | case |
| 21 | 25 | 25 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 22 years | nummod |
| 22 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 served | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 got | punct |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 26 end | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 end | det |
| 26 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 got | obl |
| 27 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 got | nsubj |
| 28 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 marched | conj |
| 29 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 got | obj |
| 30 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 money | cc |
| 31 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 land | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 settled | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 settled | cc |
| 34 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 settled | nsubj |
| 35 | settled | settle | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 got | conj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 provinces | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 provinces | det |
| 38 | provinces | province | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 settled | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 lands | punct |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 lands | det |
| 41 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 provinces | appos |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 empire | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 empire | det |
| 44 | empire | empire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 lands | nmod |
| 45 | outside | outside | ADP | _ | 46 Italy | case |
| 46 | Italy | Italy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 empire | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 marched | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | march | past | Legionaries | 30 kilometres | day | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | carry | gerund | Legionaries not said here | Legionaries's kit | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kit=Theme | ||||
| 3 | build | past | Legionaries not said here | a fortified camp | night | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset camp=Product | |||
| 4 | fortify | participle | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | serve | past | Legionaries not said here | year | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | get | past | Legionaries = legionary | land or money | at the end | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent land=Theme at end=Asset | |||
| 7 | settle | past | many | the provinces | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in province=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/10/