Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads, sentence 16
Boudica, queen of the Iceni in Britain, led a big revolt after the Romans treated her family and people badly; she burned Londinium but was finally defeated, and Britain remembers her as a symbol of courage against injustice.
Who acts: Boudica, Romans, Britain · What happens: lead, treat, burn, defeat, remember · To what, where: big revolt, family, Londinium
This is a sentence of the lesson «Rome: the empire, the legions and the roads» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Boudica, Romans, Britain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Boudica | Boudica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 led | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 queen | punct |
| 3 | queen | queen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Boudica | appos |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Iceni | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Iceni | det |
| 6 | Iceni | Iceni | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 queen | nmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 Britain | case |
| 8 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 queen | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Boudica | punct |
| 10 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 revolt | det |
| 12 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 revolt | amod |
| 13 | revolt | revolt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 led | obj |
| 14 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 17 treated | mark |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Romans | det |
| 16 | Romans | Roman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 17 treated | nsubj |
| 17 | treated | treat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 led | advcl |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 family | nmod:poss |
| 19 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 treated | obj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 people | cc |
| 21 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 family | conj |
| 22 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 17 treated | advmod |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 burned | punct |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 burned | nsubj |
| 25 | burned | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 led | parataxis |
| 26 | Londinium | Londinium | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 burned | obj |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 defeated | cc |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 defeated | aux:pass |
| 29 | finally | finally | ADV | _ | 30 defeated | advmod |
| 30 | defeated | defeat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 burned | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 remembers | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 remembers | cc |
| 33 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 remembers | nsubj |
| 34 | remembers | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 led | conj |
| 35 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 remembers | obj |
| 36 | as | as | ADP | _ | 38 symbol | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 symbol | det |
| 38 | symbol | symbol | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 remembers | obl |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 courage | case |
| 40 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 symbol | nmod |
| 41 | against | against | ADP | _ | 42 injustice | case |
| 42 | injustice | injustice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 courage | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 led | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | past | Boudica | a big revolt | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent revolt=Theme | ||||
| 2 | treat | past | the Romans | Boudica's family and people | badly property | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent family=Recipient | |||
| 3 | burn | past | Boudica | Londinium | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent londinium=Theme | ||||
| 4 | defeat | past · passive | Boudica not said here | finally property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | remember | present | Britain | Londinium | as a symbol of courage against injustice | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent she=Theme as symbol=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:014-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/14-rome-the-empire-the-legions-and-the-roads/16/