The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages, sentence 18

In 1453 the Ottoman Turks led by Sultan Mehmed II captured Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire, and Greek scholars fled to Italy with their books.

Who acts: Ottoman Turks, Greek scholars · What happens: lead, capture, end, flee · To what, where: Ottoman Turks, 1453, Byzantine Empire, Italy

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Black Death and the end of the Middle Ages» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ottoman Turks, Greek scholars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	11 captured	case
2	1453	1453	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 captured	obl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Turks	det
4	Ottoman	ottoman	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 Turks	compound
5	Turks	turk	PROPN	Number=Plur	11 captured	nsubj
6	led	lead	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 Turks	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 Sultan	case
8	Sultan	Sultan	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 led	obl:agent
9	Mehmed	Mehmed	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Sultan	flat
10	II	II	NUM	NumForm=Roman NumType=Card	12 Constantinople	nummod
11	captured	capture	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	Constantinople	Constantinople	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 captured	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 ending	punct
14	ending	end	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 captured	advcl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Empire	det
16	Byzantine	Byzantine	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 Empire	compound
17	Empire	Empire	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 ending	obj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 fled	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 fled	cc
20	Greek	Greek	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 scholars	amod
21	scholars	scholar	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 fled	nsubj
22	fled	flee	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 captured	conj
23	to	to	ADP	_	24 Italy	case
24	Italy	Italy	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 fled	obl
25	with	with	ADP	_	27 books	case
26	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 books	nmod:poss
27	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 fled	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 captured	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	lead	participle		the Ottoman Turks not said here			vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition
2	capture	past	the Ottoman Turks	1453			vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent constantinople=Theme
3	end	gerund	the Ottoman Turks not said here	the Byzantine Empire			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality empire=Eventuality
4	flee	past	Greek scholars		Italy	with scholars's books	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to italy=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:024-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/24-the-black-death-and-the-end-of-the-middle-ages/18/