Printing, the Renaissance and the Reformation, sentence 2

Printing in China and Korea was even older, but Gutenberg's press spread ideas across Europe so fast that nobody could stop them, which is why Martin Luther's criticism of the Church in 1517 split western Christianity.

Who acts: Printing, press, nobody, Luther criticism, Gutenberg · What happens: be, spread, stop, split, press · To what, where: ideas, Europe, western Christianity

This is a sentence of the lesson «Printing, the Renaissance and the Reformation» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Printing, press, nobody, Luther criticism), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Printing	printing	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 older	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 China	case
3	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Printing	nmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 Korea	cc
5	Korea	Korea	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 China	conj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 older	cop
7	even	even	ADV	_	8 older	advmod
8	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 spread	punct
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 spread	cc
11	Gutenberg	Gutenberg	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 press	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 Gutenberg	case
13	press	press	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 spread	nsubj
14	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 older	conj
15	ideas	idea	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 spread	obj
16	across	across	ADP	_	17 Europe	case
17	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 spread	obl
18	so	so	ADV	_	19 fast	advmod
19	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 spread	advmod
20	that	that	SCONJ	_	23 stop	mark
21	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	23 stop	nsubj
22	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 stop	aux
23	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 fast	ccomp
24	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 stop	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 why	punct
26	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 why	nsubj
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 why	cop
28	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	38 split	advmod
29	Martin	Martin	PROPN	Number=Sing	30 Luther	compound
30	Luther	luther	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 criticism	compound
31	's	's	PART	_	30 Luther	case
32	criticism	criticism	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 split	nsubj
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 Church	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 Church	det
35	Church	Church	PROPN	Number=Sing	32 criticism	nmod
36	in	in	ADP	_	37 1517	case
37	1517	1517	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	32 criticism	nmod
38	split	split	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 spread	parataxis
39	western	western	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 Christianity	amod
40	Christianity	Christianity	PROPN	Number=Sing	38 split	obj
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 older	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	Printing in China and Korea			old property	tree rules
2	spread	past	Gutenberg's press	ideas	Europe	fast property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location idea=Theme
3	stop	could	nobody	ideas = idea			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector they=Eventuality
4	is	present				why property	tree rules
5	split	past	Luther criticism of the Church in 1517	western Christianity			vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent christianity=Patient
6	press		Gutenberg				nom press «state intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:025-printing-the-renaissance-and-the-reformation.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/25-printing-the-renaissance-and-the-reformation/2/