Explorers: around Africa and Columbus, sentence 3

In 1492 he reached the Caribbean, home to the Taíno and millions of other people, and plants, animals and diseases began to cross the Atlantic both ways.

Who acts: Christopher, plants · What happens: reach, begin, cross · To what, where: Caribbean, 1492, Atlantic

This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers: around Africa and Columbus» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christopher, plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 1492	case
2	1492	1492	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 reached	obl
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 reached	nsubj
4	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Caribbean	det
6	Caribbean	Caribbean	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 reached	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 home	punct
8	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Caribbean	appos
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 Taíno	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Taíno	det
11	Taíno	Taíno	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 home	nmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 millions	cc
13	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 Taíno	conj
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 people	case
15	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 people	amod
16	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 millions	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 plants	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 plants	cc
19	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 began	nsubj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 animals	punct
21	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 plants	conj
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 diseases	cc
23	diseases	disease	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 plants	conj
24	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 reached	conj
25	to	to	PART	_	26 cross	mark
26	cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 began	xcomp
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 Atlantic	det
28	Atlantic	Atlantic	PROPN	Number=Sing	26 cross	obj
29	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	30 ways	det
30	ways	way	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 cross	obl:unmarked
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 reached	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	reach	past	Christopher	the Caribbean	1492		vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent caribbean=Theme
2	begin	past	plants and animals and diseases				vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
3	cross	to-infinitive	plants and animals and diseases not said here	the Atlantic		both ways obl:unmarked	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent atlantic=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:026-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/26-explorers-around-africa-and-columbus/3/