Explorers: Magellan around the world, and the people already there, sentence 10
In 1522 only one ship, the Victoria, with 18 men led by Juan Sebastián Elcano, returned to Spain after the first voyage around the world; so few men could hardly handle a ship built for a much bigger crew.
Who acts: one ship, few men · What happens: lead, return, handle, build · To what, where: 18 men, 1522, Spain, ship
This is a sentence of the lesson «Explorers: Magellan around the world, and the people already there» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one ship, few men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 5 ship | case |
| 2 | 1522 | 1522 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 19 returned | obl |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 4 one | advmod |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 ship | nummod |
| 5 | ship | ship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 returned | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Victoria | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Victoria | det |
| 8 | Victoria | Victoria | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 ship | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 men | punct |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 men | case |
| 11 | 18 | 18 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 men | nummod |
| 12 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 ship | nmod |
| 13 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 men | acl |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 Sebastián | case |
| 15 | Juan | Juan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Sebastián | compound |
| 16 | Sebastián | Sebastián | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 led | obl:agent |
| 17 | Elcano | Elcano | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Sebastián | flat |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 ship | punct |
| 19 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Spain | case |
| 21 | Spain | Spain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 returned | obl |
| 22 | after | after | ADP | _ | 25 voyage | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 voyage | det |
| 24 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 25 voyage | amod |
| 25 | voyage | voyage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 returned | obl |
| 26 | around | around | ADP | _ | 28 world | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 world | det |
| 28 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 voyage | nmod |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 handle | punct |
| 30 | so | so | ADV | _ | 35 handle | advmod |
| 31 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 men | amod |
| 32 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 handle | nsubj |
| 33 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 handle | aux |
| 34 | hardly | hardly | ADV | _ | 35 handle | advmod |
| 35 | handle | handle | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 returned | parataxis |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 ship | det |
| 37 | ship | ship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 handle | obj |
| 38 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 ship | acl |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 43 crew | case |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 crew | det |
| 41 | much | much | ADV | _ | 42 bigger | advmod |
| 42 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 43 crew | amod |
| 43 | crew | crew | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 built | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 returned | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | participle | 18 men not said here | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | |||||
| 2 | return | past | one ship with 18 men | 1522 | Spain | after the first voyage around the world | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to spain=Result | ||
| 3 | handle | could | few men | a ship | hardly property | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme | |||
| 4 | build | participle | a ship not said here | for a bigger crew | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for crew=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:027-explorers-magellan-around-the-world-and-the-people-already-there.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/27-explorers-magellan-around-the-world-and-the-people-already-there/10/