Slavery and its abolition, sentence 0
Slavery, when people are owned by others and forced to work without pay or freedom, has happened in many places in history, but the Atlantic slave trade was one of the biggest crimes ever.
Who acts: others, Slavery, Atlantic slave trade · What happens: own, force, work, happen, be · To what, where: people, many places, one
This is a sentence of the lesson «Slavery and its abolition» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (others, Slavery, Atlantic slave trade), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Slavery | slavery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 happened | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 owned | punct |
| 3 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 owned | advmod |
| 4 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 owned | nsubj |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 owned | aux:pass |
| 6 | owned | own | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Slavery | appos |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 others | case |
| 8 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 owned | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 forced | cc |
| 10 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 owned | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 work | mark |
| 12 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 forced | xcomp |
| 13 | without | without | ADP | _ | 14 pay | case |
| 14 | pay | pay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 work | obl |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 freedom | cc |
| 16 | freedom | freedom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 pay | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Slavery | punct |
| 18 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 happened | aux |
| 19 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 places | case |
| 21 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 places | amod |
| 22 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 happened | obl |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 history | case |
| 24 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 places | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 one | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 32 one | cc |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 trade | det |
| 28 | Atlantic | Atlantic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 trade | compound |
| 29 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 trade | compound |
| 30 | trade | trade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 one | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 one | cop |
| 32 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 happened | conj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 crimes | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 crimes | det |
| 35 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 36 crimes | amod |
| 36 | crimes | crime | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 one | nmod |
| 37 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 36 crimes | advmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | own | present · passive | others | people | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | force | participle | others not said here | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | work | to-infinitive | others not said here | without pay or freedom | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | happen | present · perfect | Slavery | many places in history | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in place=Location | ||||
| 5 | is a | past | the Atlantic slave trade | one | of the biggest crimes | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:031-slavery-and-its-abolition.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/31-slavery-and-its-abolition/0/