Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks, sentence 5
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania took most Ukrainian lands in the 14th century; its rulers were Lithuanian, its official written language was largely Ruthenian, and Orthodox Rus nobles kept their rights for a time.
Who acts: Grand Duchy, rulers, official written language, Rus nobles · What happens: take, be, write, keep · To what, where: most Ukrainian lands, Ruthenian, rights
This is a sentence of the lesson «Lithuanian and Polish times, the first Cossacks» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grand Duchy, rulers, official written language, Rus nobles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Duchy | det |
| 2 | Grand | grand | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Duchy | amod |
| 3 | Duchy | duchy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 took | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Lithuania | case |
| 5 | Lithuania | Lithuania | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Duchy | nmod |
| 6 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 9 lands | amod |
| 8 | Ukrainian | ukrainian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 lands | amod |
| 9 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 took | obj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 century | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 century | det |
| 12 | 14th | 14th | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 13 century | amod |
| 13 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 took | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 Lithuanian | punct |
| 15 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 rulers | nmod:poss |
| 16 | rulers | ruler | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 Lithuanian | nsubj |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 Lithuanian | cop |
| 18 | Lithuanian | lithuanian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 took | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Ruthenian | punct |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 language | nmod:poss |
| 21 | official | official | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 language | amod |
| 22 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 language | amod |
| 23 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Ruthenian | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 Ruthenian | cop |
| 25 | largely | largely | ADV | _ | 26 Ruthenian | advmod |
| 26 | Ruthenian | Ruthenian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Lithuanian | parataxis |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 nobles | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 nobles | cc |
| 29 | Orthodox | orthodox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 Rus | compound |
| 30 | Rus | ru | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 nobles | compound |
| 31 | nobles | noble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 Ruthenian | conj |
| 32 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 nobles | acl |
| 33 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 rights | nmod:poss |
| 34 | rights | right | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 kept | obj |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 time | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 time | det |
| 37 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 kept | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 took | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the Grand Duchy of Lithuania | most Ukrainian lands | century | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme | |||
| 2 | is | past | Duchy's rulers | lithuanian property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | write | participle | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | is a | past | Duchy's official written language | Ruthenian and Rus nobles | largely property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | keep | participle | Rus nobles not said here | rulers's rights | time | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:043-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/43-lithuanian-and-polish-times-the-first-cossacks/5/