The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate, sentence 1
In 1648 Bohdan Khmelnytsky led a huge uprising and built a Cossack state, the Hetmanate; it is a hero's story with dark pages too, because the war brought terrible massacres of Jewish communities, and honest history names both.
Who acts: Bohdan, state, war · What happens: lead, build, be, bring, name, massacre · To what, where: huge uprising, 1648, Cossack state, story, terrible massacres, Jewish communities
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Cossacks, the Sich and the Hetmanate» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bohdan, state, war), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 1648 | case |
| 2 | 1648 | 1648 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 led | obl |
| 3 | Bohdan | Bohdan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 led | nsubj |
| 4 | Khmelnytsky | Khmelnytsky | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Bohdan | flat |
| 5 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 uprising | det |
| 7 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 uprising | amod |
| 8 | uprising | uprising | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 led | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 built | cc |
| 10 | built | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 led | conj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 state | det |
| 12 | Cossack | cossack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 state | compound |
| 13 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 built | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Hetmanate | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Hetmanate | det |
| 16 | Hetmanate | hetmanate | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 state | appos |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 story | punct |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 story | nsubj |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 story | cop |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 hero | det |
| 21 | hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 story | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 hero | case |
| 23 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 led | parataxis |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 pages | case |
| 25 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 pages | amod |
| 26 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 story | nmod |
| 27 | too | too | ADV | _ | 26 pages | advmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 brought | punct |
| 29 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 32 brought | mark |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 war | det |
| 31 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 brought | nsubj |
| 32 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 led | advcl |
| 33 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 massacres | amod |
| 34 | massacres | massacre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 brought | obj |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 communities | case |
| 36 | Jewish | Jewish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 communities | amod |
| 37 | communities | community | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 massacres | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 names | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 names | cc |
| 40 | honest | honest | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 history | amod |
| 41 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 names | compound |
| 42 | names | name | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 brought | conj |
| 43 | both | both | ADV | _ | 42 names | advmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 led | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | past | Bohdan | a huge uprising | 1648 | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent uprising=Theme in 1648=Destination | |||
| 2 | build | past | Bohdan not said here | a Cossack state | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset state=Product | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | state | a hero's story | with dark pages | tree rules | |||
| 4 | bring | past | the war | terrible massacres of Jewish communities | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent massacre=Theme | ||||
| 5 | name | present | the war not said here | both property | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | massacre | Jewish communities | nom massacre «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:044-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/44-the-cossacks-the-sich-and-the-hetmanate/1/