Chornobyl and independence in 1991, sentence 14
The blue-and-yellow flag comes from Galician coats of arms and was used by Ukrainians in 1848; it was used in 1918 and adopted again in 1992, and the «sky over wheat» reading is popular and later.
Who acts: blue flag, Ukrainians, sky · What happens: come, use, adopt, be · To what, where: Galician coats, 1848, flag, 1918, 1992
This is a sentence of the lesson «Chornobyl and independence in 1991» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (blue flag, Ukrainians, sky), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 flag | det |
| 2 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 flag | amod |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 yellow | punct |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 yellow | cc |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 and | punct |
| 6 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 blue | conj |
| 7 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 comes | nsubj |
| 8 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 coats | case |
| 10 | Galician | galician | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 coats | amod |
| 11 | coats | coat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 comes | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 arms | case |
| 13 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 coats | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 used | cc |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 used | aux:pass |
| 16 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 comes | conj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 Ukrainians | case |
| 18 | Ukrainians | ukrainian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 16 used | obl:agent |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 1848 | case |
| 20 | 1848 | 1848 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 16 used | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 used | punct |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 used | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 used | aux:pass |
| 24 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 comes | conj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 1918 | case |
| 26 | 1918 | 1918 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 24 used | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 adopted | cc |
| 28 | adopted | adopt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 used | conj |
| 29 | again | again | ADV | _ | 28 adopted | advmod |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 1992 | case |
| 31 | 1992 | 1992 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 28 adopted | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 popular | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 popular | cc |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 sky | det |
| 35 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 36 sky | punct |
| 36 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 popular | nsubj |
| 37 | over | over | ADP | _ | 40 reading | case |
| 38 | wheat | wheat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 sky | nmod |
| 39 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 36 sky | punct |
| 40 | reading | reading | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 sky | nmod |
| 41 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 popular | cop |
| 42 | popular | popular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 comes | conj |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 later | cc |
| 44 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 42 popular | conj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 comes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | the blue flag | Galician coats of arms | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from coat=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | use | past · passive | Ukrainians | 1848 | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | use | past · passive | flag | 1918 | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 4 | adopt | participle | 1992 | again | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is | present | the sky wheat over reading | popular property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:048-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/48-chornobyl-and-independence-in-1991/14/