China: the Song and the Mongols, sentence 11
Marco Polo said he served Kublai Khan for 17 years; some doubted it because he did not mention the Great Wall or tea, but most historians think he really went, because details like salt and paper money fit Chinese records.
Who acts: Marco, some, most historians, details · What happens: say, serve, doubt, not mention, think, go · To what, where: Kublai Khan, dynasty, Great Wall, Chinese records · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «China: the Song and the Mongols» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Marco, some, most historians, details), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Marco | Marco | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 2 | Polo | Polo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Marco | flat |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 served | nsubj |
| 5 | served | serve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | ccomp |
| 6 | Kublai | Kublai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Khan | compound |
| 7 | Khan | Khan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 served | obj |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 years | case |
| 9 | 17 | 17 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 years | nummod |
| 10 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 served | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 doubted | punct |
| 12 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 doubted | nsubj |
| 13 | doubted | doubt | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | parataxis |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 doubted | obj |
| 15 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 19 mention | mark |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 mention | nsubj |
| 17 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 mention | aux |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 mention | advmod |
| 19 | mention | mention | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 doubted | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Wall | det |
| 21 | Great | Great | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Wall | compound |
| 22 | Wall | Wall | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 mention | obj |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 24 tea | cc |
| 24 | tea | tea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 Wall | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 think | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 think | cc |
| 27 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 28 historians | amod |
| 28 | historians | historian | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 think | nsubj |
| 29 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | conj |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 went | nsubj |
| 31 | really | really | ADV | _ | 32 went | advmod |
| 32 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 think | ccomp |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 fit | punct |
| 34 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 41 fit | mark |
| 35 | details | detail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 fit | nsubj |
| 36 | like | like | ADP | _ | 40 money | case |
| 37 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 money | compound |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 paper | cc |
| 39 | paper | paper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 salt | conj |
| 40 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 details | nmod |
| 41 | fit | fit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 went | conj |
| 42 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 records | amod |
| 43 | records | record | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 fit | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Marco | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | serve | past | Marco | Kublai Khan | year | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent khan=Attribute | |||
| 3 | doubt | past | some | dynasty | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not mention speech: other | past · do-support | Marco | the Great Wall or tea | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent wall=Topic | ||||
| 5 | think speech: other | present | most historians | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | go | past | Marco | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | fit | past | details like salt money | Chinese records | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent record=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:055-china-the-song-and-the-mongols.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/55-china-the-song-and-the-mongols/11/