Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes, sentence 21
Spices were expensive in medieval Europe but not usually worth their weight in gold, and they were not used to hide rotten meat.
Who acts: Spices · What happens: be, not be, not use, hide · To what, where: medieval Europe, weight, gold, Spices, rotten meat
This is a sentence of the lesson «Trade: why people swap, and the great trade routes» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spices), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spices | spice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 expensive | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 expensive | cop |
| 3 | expensive | expensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 Europe | case |
| 5 | medieval | medieval | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 Europe | amod |
| 6 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 expensive | obl |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 worth | cc |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 worth | advmod |
| 9 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 10 worth | advmod |
| 10 | worth | worth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 expensive | conj |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 weight | nmod:poss |
| 12 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 worth | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 gold | case |
| 14 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 worth | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 used | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 used | cc |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 used | nsubj |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 used | aux:pass |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 used | advmod |
| 20 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 expensive | conj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 hide | mark |
| 22 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 used | advcl |
| 23 | rotten | rotten | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 meat | amod |
| 24 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 hide | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 expensive | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Spices | medieval Europe | expensive property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | not be | Spices not said here | Spices's weight | gold | usually property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | not use | past · passive | Spices = spice | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 4 | hide | to-infinitive | rotten meat | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:history:070-trade-why-people-swap-and-the-great-trade-routes.lesson:21.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/70-trade-why-people-swap-and-the-great-trade-routes/21/